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SCIENCE

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Applied - Medicine

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Most Common Surgical Procedures

This list features the estimated most common surgical procedures undertaken by humans.

RANK

SURGICAL PROCEDURE

SURGERIES

DESCRIPTION

1

Cataract surgery

28 million

Removal of the cloudy lens of the eyes, replaced with a clear artificial lens implant.

2

Cesarean section (c-section)

1.5 million

Surgical delivery of a baby through an incision in the mother's abdomen and uterus.

3

Cholecystectomy

1.2 million

Surgery to remove the gallbladder.

4

Debridement of wound, burn, or infection

1 million

Surgical removal of foreign material and/or dead tissue from a wound or burn.

5

Inguinal hernia repair

1 million

Surgical repair of an inguinal hernia in the groin.

6

Mastectomy

1 million

Removal of all or part of the breast, usually to treat breast cancer.

7

Breast biopsy

1 million

Diagnostic test involving the removal of tissue or cells for examination under a microscope.

8

Dilation and curettage (D & C)

600,000

Minor operation to scrape the cervical canal and uterine lining.

9

Hysterectomy

600,000

Surgical removal of a woman's uterus, which may include the ovaries.

10

Appendectomy

500,000

Surgical removal of the appendix to treat acute appendicitis.

11

Free skin graft

500,000

Detaching healthy skin from one part of the body to repair areas of lost or damaged skin.

12

Hemorrhoidectomy

500,000

Surgical removal of hemorrhoids.

13

Low back pain surgery

500,000

Surgery performed after other treatment options have been exhausted, depending on the diagnosis.

14

Prostatectomy

500,000

Surgical removal of all or part of the prostate gland.

15

Tonsillectomy

500,000

Surgical removal of one or both tonsils.


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References

Avisena Specialist Hospital. (2024). 10 common surgical procedures – a quick glance. Available at: https://shahalam.avisena.com.my/articles/10-common-surgical-procedures-a-quick-glance/ (Accessed 1 December 2025). Johns Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). Common surgical procedures. Available at: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/common-surgical-procedures (Accessed 1 December 2025). American Academy of Otolaryngology. (2023). Tonsillectomy [online]. Available at: https://www.entnet.org (Accessed 1 December 2025). American Cancer Society. (2023). Breast Biopsy [online]. Available at: https://www.cancer.org (Accessed 1 December 2025). American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2023). Hysterectomy [online]. Available at: https://www.acog.org (Accessed 1 December 2025). American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2023). Dilation and Curettage (D & C) [online]. Available at: https://www.acog.org (Accessed 1 December 2025). American Heart Association. (2023). Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting [online]. Available at: https://www.heart.org (Accessed 1 December 2025). AGA (American Gastroenterological Association). (2023). Cholecystectomy [online]. Available at: https://www.gastro.org (Accessed 1 December 2025). Fertility and Sterility Journal. (2023). Hysteroscopy Procedures [online]. Available at: https://www.fertstert.org (Accessed 1 December 2025). Journal of Burn Care & Research. (2023). Debridement of Wounds [online]. Available at: https://www.jbcrjournal.org(Accessed: 24 April 2025). Journal of Gastroenterology. (2023). Hemorrhoidectomy [online]. Available at: https://www.journalofgastro.com (Accessed 1 December 2025). Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery. (2023). Free Skin Graft Procedures [online]. Available at: https://www.baps.co.uk (Accessed 1 December 2025). Journal of Urology. (2023). Prostatectomy Techniques [online]. Available at: https://www.jurology.com (Accessed 1 December 2025). McGory, M.L., Maggard, M.A., O'Connell, J.B. and Ko, C.Y. (2005). Trends in appendectomy rates. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 201(3), pp. 200-207. Naylor, A.R., et al. (2011). Carotid endarterectomy. British Journal of Surgery, 98(4), pp. 480-484. Society of Thoracic Surgeons. (2023). Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery [online]. Available at: https://www.sts.org (Accessed 1 December 2025). Spine Journal. (2023). Low Back Pain Surgery [online]. Available at: https://www.spinejournal.com (Accessed 1 December 2025). WHO (World Health Organization). (2023). Cataract Surgery [online]. Available at: https://www.who.int (Accessed 1 December 2025).
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